Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Economics - Essay Example Economics has been called and is known as a Social Science one that actually focuses on the subject matter that is concerned with the fair distribution, proper level production and the over all consumption of various Goods( products and services). It is estimated that the history of Economics can be divided up into three distinctive eras, the first era being named, the pre-modern era, the second era being named the early modern era, and the third and final time span being named the modern era of economics. Regardless of that though the three eras are not very important as it has been observed that the systematic theory the most advances have been made with the advent or let say the birth of the modern era. The complete amount of credit for the development in this field can be attributed as it is seen through history to the late Scholastics and to be more specific the development can be attributed to the finding and contribution, rather to the overall over done in the study of economic to the Scholastics of the 15th and 16th century Spain. Economics has been defined in many ways some say it’s the measurement of cost and production with reference to its actually consumption, some say it’s the level of production with respect to the distribution, some even say that economics generally refers to the developmental area of a country however one very specific definition that sort of does complete justice in explaining Economics is that one which calls economic that science that studies that human behavior as a relationship that occurs between the ends and the scarce means an those could have alternative uses. The word scarce here generally holds the meaning that the productivity or the availability of a certain resource is insufficient enough to fulfill the complete needs of the people. Economics has two very main stream branches those

Majority decision in a democracy Research Paper

Majority decision in a democracy - Research Paper Example This paper looks at how decisions are reached in a democratic state and argues that a decision by the majority does not necessarily always yield optimal results. This is because the majority of people may not have access to crucial information for making informed decisions. This conundrum of how best to govern people has confounded sages for ages going back to the times of the ancient Greek philosophers. Various types of government styles were tried in order to find the ideal and perfect form of governance that will give the best results in terms of stability, peace and contentment for all citizens. Governance can be considered as a social experiment in which various governance structures are tried to see which works best. Governmental forms are part of the larger political systems of a country. Among the various forms that were quite common before (with some still existing today in hybrid forms) are monarchy, oligarchy, plutocracy, timocracy, autocracy, anarchy, democracy, socialism and republicanism, among many others. The most common form of political system prevailing in the world today is democracy. However, its being common does not necessarily confer it is a superior political system; all that can be said about democracy is that it is the best option until a better alternative can be found that best fits the objectives of a country when it comes to the issue of governance. The ideal form of government must achieve the triple purposes of peace, stability and contentment where issues and concerns of all citizens are adequately answered. This paper attempts to point out the defects and deficiencies of a democracy and also offers an exciting alternative form of rule which is the elitist type of rule. The word elitist often invites a derisive connotation but it actually offers a better prospective form of governance. Elitism is not bad per se as it envisions a rule by people best qualified to govern the rest of the people. It does not imply exclusivity as any one who qualifies to be a member can become one. Discussion Plato (427-347 B.C.) during his time had already seen the weaknesses of democracy. This was the reason why he advocated for a different form of government – that of the rule by the chosen few, the aristocracy. His version of aristocracy is not what we think of it today that is based on owning vast tracts of land or being fabulously wealthy; rather, an aristocrat is the person who had been educated in philosophy and therefore knows a lot about virtues and in the exercise thereof, will lead people into wealth and happiness. The classical definition of the word aristocracy, as far as Plato was concerned, is a rule by the best persons of a society. This idealistic state of government is rather very utopian in aspirations, though. Plato had given up on democracy as virtually chaotic as he had seen some of its effects on Athenian society in his time, such as some occasions of mob rule and how the electorate or the general populace put into office during an election people who were not well qualified. A fairly strong dislike of democracy led to his criticisms that it will eventually lead to tyranny. In a sense, he was right on this aspect, as democracy can be considered as a form of tyranny, that is, tyranny by the majority on the minority. Further, Plato had only seen the nascent forms of democracy during his time in which it would still naturally and expectedly be chaotic. He had not seen how modern democracy works today in which safeguards are in place. He had regarded democracy as a poor form of government, much inferior than monarchy itself. What Plato instead argued for strongly was aristocracy, in order to put the best people into government positions and let them make all the important policy decisions. He thought that aristocrats are the best people to govern because they

Astronomy123 assignment 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Astronomy123 assignment 4 - Essay Example 2. The big bang theory is behind everything because the energy discovered forced the world to have hot particles which combine with the particle found on earth where they form the particles. Another theory behind is the mathematical which includes the cosmic where there are a lot of helium and lithium. 3. The earth is covered with the ice that covers both sides of both the poles. The snowball clearly covers the cold areas that do not favor the human life. The sun that is covered produces the sun rays that are not enough to heat the world. With the cold weather of the cold areas caused by the oceans the atmosphere becomes to be like that found on mars. The marine and carbon causes deposits on the ocean banks creating the difference. 4. The experiments done proofs that life is not such easy to be found on the surface of the earth. There are ambiguities concerning the earth whereby life is such a crucial factor where it needs the required favored factors. The scientists tried to find whether life can be found on the outside space where outside the earth there exists a number of numerous planets which do not support the

Cult Films Essay Example for Free

Cult Films Essay Eccentric, offbeat, weird, unique and catering to esoteric tastes of a particularly small group and number of individuals, cult movies or cult films are the exact opposite of the blockbuster, hollywood and hollywood-type mainstream feature films being screened in major movie houses today. Cult movies usually acquire a cult following, groups of individuals whose particular tastes and interests fall under the films wing. Classic cult films which come to mind are that of Stanley Kubricks controversial A Clockwork Orange (1971), Francis Ford Coppolas anti-Vietnam war movie Apocalypse Now (1979), Ridley Scotts loose interpretation of a Philip K. Dick novel, Blade Runner (1982), and the quintessential cult classic The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975) by Jim Sharman. While cult films range from a variety of genres such as crime, suspense, science fiction, horror and so on, some cult films are deemed uncategorizable and exist in a genre which could only be labeled as such: cult. The cast of characters which appear in most cult films are barely known to the general viewing public. These are artists who are in the initial stages of their careers, others gaining a certain degree of fame and recognition from the said cult movie, and on few occasions, a select number of renowned actors and actresses gracing the part of often particularly quirky and outrageously and/or obscuredly sketched characters in an equally obscure and eccentric setting and environment. The most recent cult films of today range from the local independent, to foreign movies packaged for different countries, to even top grossing movies well received by the mainstream movie viewing populace but regarded as a cult movie because of its ability to garner a particular group of dedicated following, which it would seem is growing in numbers, an example of such a cult movie is George Lucas Star Wars. The cult movie of today has taken a different form, although catering to esoteric tastes, these movies have also garnered a significant amount of mainstream appeal. Such is the case with Quentin Tarantinos Kill Bill, received by a greater number of following subsequent to his first cult flick, Pulp Fiction, which seemed to have revolutionized and brought considerably significant amount of impact to the aspect of film making as it deals with aesthetic, style and content. The apparent trashy content and material which critics refer to in Tarantinos film approach reflects and probably sums up cult ideologies and what cult movies are generally about. The movie viewing populace of today is becoming less discriminate and blurring lines of that of the cult and mainstream movies, and viewing these films for what they are, a pastiche of shared beliefs, opinions, ideologies and meanings as interpreted by a director who subscribes to individuality and captured on over an hour or so of reel and screen time. It may or may not reflect the particular persuasions and leanings of the general populace and the rest of the masses, but as long as it applies to one individual, and an esoteric few, it makes every amount of difference. References â€Å"Cult Films. † Film Site. Org. Tim Dirks. (2007) Retrieved 12 December 2007 http://www. filmsite. org/cultfilms. html â€Å"Top 50 Cult Films. † Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 12 December 2007 http://5mtl. com/ft/culttop. htm â€Å"Top Cult Films. † Dermansky, Marcy and Fauth, Jurgen. Retrieved 12 December 2007 http://worldfilm. about. com.

Evolution of Escalator and Elevator Advertising

Evolution of Escalator and Elevator Advertising In a noisy, media saturated and distracted consumer environment, the elevator and escalator advertisements ignites curiosity and fires demand for client brands through integrated alternative marketing technologies that authentically engage and truly influence consumers. It work in helping clients reach consumers, surprising and unconventional ways. The companies should take benefit of elevators by marketing their products and services. The elevator is always crowded with people, and these people may be one day will be a potential customers because of that advertisements. the elevator is transferring people every day. In some cases the transferring will continue 24/7 now in the 21st century the elevator advertisements is a successful tool for advertisement. In my opinion, its the most effective tool in the new century. Because in the recent days, most people espically the young people Dont like to read, watch the usuall advertisements and listen to radio advertisment. The elevator advertisements should be creative and attracting in the way that will take the people attention. In Saudi Arabia these kinds of advertisements are not popular. The elevator advertisements are not costly and actually it is a cost effective. In my opinion if use propably, it will make a reveloution in the advertisement world. A few numbers of researches has been conducted about this topic. The elevator advertisement is a powerful tool for attracting the people. Because they dont have any alternatives except looking to your advertisment. So there is no run away from getting the idea of your advertisment. Type of elevator advertisments: Outside door advertising Inside the elevator using brochoures or painting Outside (outdoor) media Inside (indoor) media Sounds (inside the elevator) On the elevator buttons (outside and inside) Creative and innovative advertisments (costly). Outside (door) We had put a media advertisments outside the elevator during the waiting time (period) for the elevator to come and transfer them. The survey shows that the majority of people are looking to the elevator advertisment and the media which we had put it there. The survey shows that the majority of people are looking to the elevator advertisment and the media which we had put it outside the elevator during the waiting time (period) for the elevator to come and transfer them. So their eyes are always looking to the elevator door. Therefore, why we cant use this powerful tool and in my opinion the most effective tool to market our products or services. (inside) The majority of people show that they get board in the period of transfering. So why cant we give them something interesting like a media with music inside the elevator. Or we make the elevator more interesting with colours and brochures. Also in a survey we put an avertisment for a famous product in the elevator for the sake of the research and we asked each one of the respondents wheather it got their attention or not. And 93% of them saw that advertisments. So there is no run away from seeing the advertisment. And when we put a small screen for the media, it shows that 98% of the sample responds to that. (Escalator advertising) The majority shows that the escalator advertising is very attractive and it attract the eyes. Types of escalator advertising: There are many creative types of the escalator advertising and the most attractive on are: Beside the escalator using a brochoures or any type of advertisments Between the esclators using painting or drowing On the escalator floor (steps) using a creative pictures on each one of the escalator steps Advertising using the media (TV) on the top of escalator in the way of going up or going down. Using the sound advertising between the way of transfering (it is not very effective) In the entrance and the exit of the essclator On the escalator handrails: (it enables advertisements, branding, and other decorative communication material to be easily applied to escalator handrails.) Also the escalator and the elevator are usually crowded and the riders are always changing, so your advertising will be for a different variety of people and different kinds of people with different ages and also with different classes. So you will market you products or services for all the types of the people using an affordable and powerful tool for getting the riders attentions. What Escalator Owners Gain: Increased revenue at marginal cost Utilization of previously unproductive structures Better communication with riders Enhanced location aesthetics and ambiance, leading to stronger customer relations and increased ridership Minimal involvement from escalator owner! What the Riders gain: Improved escalator appearance More interesting environments Source of â€Å"food for thought† Antimicrobial protection for handrails, giving riders a sense of comfort and limiting riders exposure to contagious disease What the Advertisers gain: Opportunity to capture public attention with new advertising platform Marketing avenue provides high-impression frequency Innovative ad placement to beat other marketing noise New mode of marketing to drive client â€Å"buzz† Long impression period as average rider is on escalator for 30 seconds Great medium for viral marketing (it enables advertisements, branding, and other decorative communication material to be easily applied to escalator handrails. Easily communicate with riders at shopping malls, transit systems and airports during average rides of 30 seconds.) Methodology: Sampling: 571 in the major cities of Saudi Arabia 197 In the western region (Jeddah, Makkah, Al Madinah and Al Taif) 123 in the middle region 106 in the eastern region 86 in the northern region 59 in the southern region The unit of analysis will be the people who are using the elevators and escalators regularly such as the people who are working in the shopping malls, airports, office building and hotels in the most crowded and busiest places. A questionair was used to collect the data from the respondents. The people who are going to take the left will be extracted by this Ideas and creativety. In the short time those advertisments will push them to read, see or listen to the advertising. Mostly the mirror in the elevator was catch the attention of the riders and they spent time for watching themselves.sometimes they will spent time watching the riders shows, looking to the floor screen in the elevator or seeing the people faces. It is the most effective for attracting the customers attention. Simply the riders are the stressed audience and they are surrounded by this media to entertain them. it is the key for a successful marketing. If used properly in the crowded elevators and escalator, it will be the most affordable and powerful tool for marketing you products or services. The most ideal locations for escalator and elevator advertisements (advertising): Transportation hubs, convention centers, offices buildings hosbitals, hotels, department stores, airports, sports arenas, shopping malls and more. train stations, shopping centres It is innovative and creative It is the best alternatives of other marketing strategies. Escalator Steps enables advertising, branding, and other decorative communication material to be easily applied to existing escalator steps. Easily communicate with customers in high density locations using this high impact medium. It is an innovative media solution. Why Advertising on Escalators? Benefits to Advertisers using Escalator Step Advertising Multi-Impact Impression Usage of Steps Escalator graphics will result in a high impact rate to pedestrians. Pedestrians will see as many as 50 steps as they ride escalators for over 30 seconds. Unrestricted Message Space Aap!Global can tailor installation of graphic to popular escalator step models providing advertisers with large, high impact advertising spaces. High Impact Influence point of purchase shoppers escalator step graphics do not compete with traditional media and capture audience attention before entering points of purchase. Targeted Escalator are usually located at points of purchase. Easy to Use Aap!Steps fit easily in existing properties with minimal owner involvement. Non-Traditional Aap!Steps invites non traditional firms to place adverts in the out-of-home segment It is enjoyable up close or from a distance Benefits to Properties Aap!Step is a unique, dynamic, scrolling advertising display which provides a source of incremental non-rental revenue while aesthetically enhancing and modernizing a property. Companies can now put their advertisements in the hands of millions of economically active customers during average 30 second escalator rides. Escalator Handrail Advertising provides advertisers with an extremely effective new media, property owners with an additional revenue stream or branding opportunity and escalator riders with an engaging handrail that improves safety and comfort. The intelligent use of the elevators and taking benefits of the empty spaces. Your advertisments will achieve your goals. Some of the ads are boring but these kinds of ads are different from others. It is not boring Property owners: Property owners have the opportunity to utilise Escalator or Elevator Media to generate new revenues from advertising sales, or as an effective way to increase internal branding or communications with escalator riders. As a new revenue stream: Escalated Advertising, via selling Escalator or Elevator Media to advertisers, offers property groups the opportunity to generate substantial advertising revenue with no risk. Advantages to Property owners In addition to making existing structures profitable, Escalator or the elevator Media, enhances the appearance, location aesthetics and also improves rider safety and comfort. For the companies which are always looking for highly effective and fresh media opportunities. Escalator and elevator Advertising provides a unique solution. the Creative looks on the elevator and escalator will really grabs peoples attention Escalator and elevator Advertising dominates the environment, providing cut through even in a cluttered shopping centre. Reasons Escalator Handrail Media is a first choice for advertisers. Escalator Handrail Media offers significant advantages over traditional outdoor advertising. Benefits include: 30 seconds exposure to a captive audience Frequently reach mass audiences at targeted locations 76% unprompted advertising recall 30 meters of advertising that surrounds the consumer Hands on advertising which is often unavoidable Close to the point of purchase Escalator and elevator advertising are perfect for: Increasing sales Increasing foot traffic Increasing brand exposure Launching a new brand Building brand image Reinforcing other media at prime locations Directing escalator traffic flow What ever an advertisers goals Escalator and elevator advertising will help to achieve them. Escalator and elevator advertising is the perfect compliment to TV, Print and Radio, and is a must in any out of home campaign. It is fun and easy way to communicate, it can be used for branding, advertising or decoration. Limitation: There was a lack of information on this topic due to the fact that not much research as conducted on the elevator and escalator advertising. Hence secondary type sources did not produce very precise information on this matter. Therefore, primary data acquisition methodologies like questionnaires and interviews had to be used in order to acquire the desired information in order to satisfy the research objectives. Although the ambient media sector is starting to grow up and move away from the stunts that used to dominate, there are still a number of agencies with an eye for a great gimmick. Describes a number of outdoor innovations and explains that as consumers become more used to seeing advertising while they are out and about, outdoor companies are increasingly looking for opportunities to speak to the public when they least expect it. Comments on new technology such as digital escalator panels and elevator advertising. these new developments are only really working for entertainment brands at the moment. that are easier, quicker and cheaper to update, can be shared between more brands, offer flexibility in the messages that can be displayed and are by their nature more eye-catching. Esclator advertising allows extremely high visibility advertising in prime throughput locations enabling you to target shoppers, commuters, families and business people. It is a brand new opportunity. Elevator: you can put a screen with a security camera to monitor what is going on in the elevator Now there is a new media opportunity, it is a dynamic new media that reaches the audience that always in demands. This media that teaches, moves and uniquely interact with its audience. It is an interactive, impactful and informative communication Saudi Arabia community likes to explore and find the new things, the majority of the people there are economically active. It is a rich country and these kinds of advertising will be an opportunity for the companies which are looking for increasing their sales and marketing their products or services. You can put the advertising in the high traffic locations.

racismhf Free Huckleberry Finn Essays: Prejudice and Racism :: Adventures Huckleberry Huck Finn Essays

Adventures of Huckleberry Finn:   Racism  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The twentieth century has come to an amazing finale.   Racism, ethnic prejudice and hate are on the decline.   Perhaps some of these changes can be attributed to the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, in which Mark Twain addresses the issues of racism and slavery. He writes in a humorous, almost childish way, yet the themes are clear and poignant.   Twain utilizes Huck Finn and Jim as the ideal characters because they are the ones at the end of the novel who realize slavery is wrong.   Mark Twain establishes the ideals by portraying them through the protagonists, Huck and Jim and criticizes the failure to live up to them by portraying them through the antagonists, Miss Watson.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Prejudice can be observed throughout the novel by the way the other characters treat Huck.   Twain portrays Huck as an average boy of his time, mischievous, adventurous and funny.   The society Huck lives in labels him "uncivilized" because he has an abusive, drunk father.   "By and by pap got too handy with his hick'ry and I couldn't stand it.   I was all over with welts" (Twain page #).   Here the reader can observe the ultimate failure of an uncivilized person.   Pap is an alcoholic, a dead beat and a racist.   Nevertheless, society also considered Huck   "uncivilized" because he did not wear shoes did not always attend school and he smoked.   Society criticized Huck as uncivilized due to physical appearance when really Huck turned out to be more civilized than any other character in the novel because he learns how to respect Jim.   Through the ironic criticism of society trying to civilize Huck, Huck teaches us a lesson on bein g civilized.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel, Jim runs away from his slave owner, Miss Watson.   By doing a thing like that Jim could have been killed or beat.   The people of Jim’s society would not have even listened to him or even considered his reason.   "Well, you see, it 'uz dis way.   Ole missus-dat's Miss Watson- she pecks on me all de time, en treats me pooty rough, but she alwuz said she wouln' sell me down to Orleans. ... but she could git eight hund'd dollars for me" (Twain page #).   Twain wanted to show, through Jim, just how cruel people were and how those feelings were condoned by society.   Twain also shows the ideal of freedom through Jim and the failure to live up to that freedom when Miss Watson sells him.

Economic Networkingâ€Exploring Alternatives for Promoting Sustainable De

Economic Networking—Exploring Alternatives for Promoting Sustainable Development in Africa INTRODUCTION The history of European aid intervention in the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) states has traditionally acted to reinforce the hierarchical distinction between the â€Å"developed† and the â€Å"developing† world. The series of Lome Conventions which granted preferential trade agreements between these groups of countries have proved ineffective in encouraging economic sustainability in the ACP states, and although the ACP includes most of the Least Developed Countries (LLDCs) in the world, the agreements have been criticized as being unfair in the global context. Under pressure to negotiate a new ACP-EU agreement that would be consistent with World Trade Organization (WTO) regulations, and improve on the limitations of the previous Lome Conventions, the Cotonou Convention was signed in 2000, after arduous negotiations. Despite this agreement, the future of ACP-EU relations is somewhat vague. Particularly with respect to Africa, this uncertainty leaves room for eva luation of the effectiveness of the past agreements and an objective analysis of the motives behind previous economic ties. Furthermore, by analyzing the problematic history of European aid to Africa, there emerges a basis for shifting away from the neo-colonialist relationships that characterized most of the past agreements, and exploring the benefits of creating alternative partnerships. Ultimately, the possibility of forming partnerships amongst individual ACP countries and between other developing countries is an overlooked idea that should be further explored. A Historical Perspective African economic development is a subject of wide interest. Amongst the ... ...2 October 2003 Kwarteng, Charles O. Africa and the European Challenge. Vermont: Ashgate Publishing Company. 1997. The New Partnership for Africa’s Development. October 2001. Overseas Development Institute. Reshaping European partnerships: what future for the ACP? Meeting September 2003. http://www.odi.org.uk/speeches/edc_2010/meeting_report_17september.html The World Bank Group. World Development Indicators Database: Country Profile Table. 11 March 2004 . The World Bank Group. 2003 World Development Indicators. 11 March 2004. . Economic Community of West African States. About ECOWAS. 11 March 2004. .